have got/have

have got 形式上是现在完成时,但在内容上却是现在时,在口语中常常用来代替 have, possess。但它只用于表示静态的场合。

1. He hasn't got enough money. (表拥有) 他没有足够的钱。

2. Have you got any sisters? (表关系) 你有姐妹吗?

3. I haven't got the courage to quarrel with them. 我不敢同他们争吵。

have got 与 have 在用法上有一个重要的区别, 就是 have got 大都表示现在的情况, 而 have 却可以表示反复的或习惯性的情况。

1. Have you got a ticket for tonight's concert? 你有今晚音乐会的票吗？

2. Have you got a cold now? 你现在感冒了吗?

3. I often have colds. 我时常感冒。

另一个重要区别,就是 have 既可表动态,又可表静态,而 have got 则表静态。

Does she have coffee with her breakfast? 她早餐喝咖啡吗?

这里就不能使用 Has she got。

R. Quirk 等人曾用下面两个例句来说明这种区别：

1. Had she got her baby at the clinic? 她和她的婴儿一起在诊所吗?

2. Did she have her baby at the clinic? 她是在诊所分娩的吗？