E. 介词独立结构

1. With the exams coming next week, I have no time for a social life. (CGEL) 由于下周就要进行考试, 所以我没有时间从事社交活动。

2. With so many people absent, the meeting had to be postponed. 由于许多人缺席,会议不得不延期。

F. 从属连词 because, as, since, now (that), seeing (that), seeing (as), in that, as long as, inasmuch as, while, for①

1. I couldn't see Helen's expression because her head was turned... (EED) 我未能看到海伦的表情,因为她把头转了过去……

2. Everybody likes him, as he is kind and honest. 人人喜欢他，因为他和气而诚实。

3. Since you insist, I must go. 因为你坚持,我必须走了。

4. Now that she's found him, she'll never let him go... (EED) 既然她找到了他, 她就绝不让他走了……

5. Seeing that you're the guest on this little trip, you can decide where we're going. (EED) 由于你是这次小小旅行的客人，所以你可以决定我们去哪里。

6. The evidence is invalid in that it was obtained through illegal means. (CGEL) 这个证据无效, 因为它是通过不合法的手段取得的。

7. As long as you're here, we might as well talk about your last game. (CGEL) 既然你在这里,我们不妨来谈一谈你的最后一场比赛。

8. Forgive them, inasmuch as they are young. 原谅他们吧,因为他们还小。

9. While you're in the kitchen, bring me another drink. (CGEL) 既然你在厨房,那就再给我拿一杯饮料吧。

10. Don't swear, for I dislike swearing. (Partridge) 不要发誓,因为我不喜欢发誓。

G. 特殊语序的 as 从句和 that 从句, 见 as $^{1-3}$ , as $^{19}$ , that(conj.) $^{2}$

应当指出, for 有时并不表示直接的原因, 而是表示动机, 或者表示推断某事的理由, 见 for/because。