核心问题
Once on the boat, they were taken below and their chains were fixed to two bars that ran the length of the ship.
上句中的 once 是个什么词?起什么作用?
词典解答
once 引导的从句,如同 if, when, while, until, although 引导的从句一样,有时可以省略主语和谓语或谓语的一部分,尤其是 be。因此,在英语里常常看到这样的结构:once (when, while, until) + 现在分词/过去分词/形容词/介词短语/副词:
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Take care when crossing the road. (省略了 you are) 过马路时要小心。
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Once opened, the contents should be consumed within three days. 一旦打开,其中的内含物应在三日内用完。
不难断定, Once on the boat 乃是 Once they were on the boat 的省略形式。省略形式比非省略形式要正式一些, 多用于书面语体(参见 ellipsis , when )。
练习题
请做下面的英语试题:
The research is so designed that once ____ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun(全国高考,02-34)