作伴随情况状语
The secretary worked late into the night, ____ a long speech for the president.
A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing(全国高考,91-33)
答案为 B。但是,我不明白 preparing 短语在句中作什么成分。
上题中的分词短语 preparing ... for the president 在句中作伴随情况状语。它表示分词短语所描述的情景是伴随着句子的情景而发生或存在的。它与方式状语不同，它不说明句子的动作方式，因此，不能用 how 来提问。含伴随情况状语的句子大都可以改写为并列句，基本含义不变：
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He sat in the armchair, reading a newspaper. = He sat in the armchair, and read a newspaper. 他坐在扶手椅里读报纸。
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Leaving the door open, Weber went to fetch his hunting boots drying outside. = Weber left the door open and went ... 门开着，韦伯去拿晾在外面的打猎靴。
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All night long he lay awake, thinking of the problem. = All night long he lay awake, and was thinking of the problem. 他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。
[附注]有时候,方式状语与伴随情况状语的区别不大明显,因而很难区分。因此之故,同一个例句有些英语著作将其列为方式状语,而另一些英语著作却将其列为伴随情况状语。遇到这种情况,不必大惊小怪。
请做下面的英语试题：
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He sent me an e-mail, ____ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope(上海高考,00-31)
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Go and get some fresh air! You've been sitting there ____ all the morning. A. having read B. to read C. reading D. read(全国成人高考,93-28)
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A little boy stood by the roadside, ____ loudly. A. cry B. cries C. crying D. cry(北京会考,94-26)
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They went out of the hall, ____.
A. talks and laughs B. talking and laughing
C. talking and laugh D. talk and laughing(同上，92-21) -
The wounded girl looked at me and cried harder and harder leaned against the wall. (高三会考,95-31)
A. said B. says C. saying D. to say(全国高考四川卷,07-26)
- He is a student at Oxford University, ____ for a degree in computer science. A. studied B. studying C. to have studied D. to be studying(全国高考北京卷,07-29)