You can't get more accurate or more impartial than that. (Reader's Digest) 请问 can't get more 是什么意思?
can't get more 表示“再……不过了”“不可能比……更”。全句似可译为:“不可能有比这更精确更公平的了。”
can you/can't you? 见 tag questions can
can you ?/will you?
- Don't smoke in the meeting-room, ____? A. do you B. will you C. can you D. could you(全国高考,91-16)
- Be sure to write to us, ____? A. will you B. aren't you C. can you D. mustn't you(全国高考,93-23)
标准答案为 will you。但是,用 can you 就是错误吗?
祈使句后面的附加疑问句的助动词一般是使用 will 或 won't。但是,也可以使用 can 或 can't,例如:
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Post this letter for me, can you? (LEG) 请你替我把这封信寄出去,好吗?
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Open the door, can't you? (CGEL) 请把门打开,好吧?
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Don't make a noise, will you? /can you? (CGEL) 不要弄出声来,好吗? can
——Will you stay for lunch? ——Sorry, ____. My brother is coming to see me. A. I mustn't B. I can't C. I needn't D. I won't(全国高考,99-15) 我选了D,答案是B,为什么不能选D呢?
大家知道, won't 是 will not 的缩略形式。其中的 will 可作助动词表“将来”, 亦可作情态动词表“愿意”或“决心”。撇开上下文或语境, 说 I won't 是可以的 [我将不/我不愿意(留下来吃午饭)]。例如: I won't do it any more, I promise you. (我决不再干那件事了, 我向你保证。) 但是, 把 I won't 放在上面试题的语境里, 就是错误的了。因为语境告诉我们: “I”不能留下来吃午饭的原因是 My brother is coming to see me。因此, 不是“I”不愿意留下来, 而是情况使“I”没有可能留下来。因此, 上题只能选 B(I can't)。
can have done 见 can
can never...too 见 can
cannot (can't)
《初中英语重点·难点纵横谈》(2)(中国科技大学出版社,p.154)指出,can't be是must be的否定形式,应译为“不见得”并举了如下的实例:
Just look at her dress, she can't be a bus conductor. (瞧她的衣服, 她不见得是一个公共汽车售票员。)
《高中英语重点·难点纵横谈》在分析《高中英语教科书》中的句子“You can't be serious!”时又作了同样的分析。
请问 can't be 真的可以译为“不见得”吗?
关于 must 的含义及其译法,我们在 must 条中已经讨论过了。现在来讨论它的否定形式 can't。must 用于“推测”“估计”意义时表示说话人对自己的“推测或估计”深信不疑,同样,它的否定形式 can't 也表示说话人对自己的“推测或估计”深信不疑。因此,不应把 can't 译为“不见得”,因为汉语的“不见得”表示说话人对自己“推测或估计”毫无把握,毫无信心。例如:
看样子,他不见得会来。(没有把握的推测或估计)
屋里开着灯,不见得就有人。
让我们分析一些含 的实例:
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You can't be serious. = You must be joking. 你不可能是当真的。= 你一定是在开玩笑。
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They can't be telling lies. [“It's not possible that they are telling lies.”] 他们不可能是在说谎。
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You can't be hungry already—you only had lunch two hours ago! 你不可能饿了——两个小时以前你才吃完午饭呀!
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‘Hold on! This can't be the password,’ she argued. ‘The cryptex doesn't have an Sh on the dail. It uses a traditional Roman alphabet.’ (Dan Brown, The Da Vinci Code) “这不可能是密码。”她争辩道:“刻度盘上的密码盒没有 Sh。它用的是传统罗马字母。”(《达·芬奇密码》)
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That can't be Mary—she's in hospital. 那不可能是玛丽——她住院了。
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She must be asleep. = She can't be awake. 她准是睡着了。= 她不可能是醒着的。
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‘This cryptex can't be the keystone,’ Sophie argued. ‘It’s not old enough. I’m certain my grandfather made this. It can't be part of any ancient Grail legend.’ (Dan Brown, The Da Vinci Code) 索菲争辩道: “这个密码筒不可能是楔石, 它的年代不够久远。我敢肯定这是祖父做的。这不可能是历史悠久的圣杯传说的一部分。”(《达·芬奇密码》)
我们再来考察一下英英词典对 can't 的注释:
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You use cannot and can't to state you are certain that something is not true or will not happen. (CCLD, p. 155) (使用 cannot 和 can't 是为了表示确信某事不是真的或不会发生。)
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If you say that something cannot be true or cannot happen, you mean that you feel sure that it is not true or will not happen. (BBCED, p. 155) [如果你说某事 cannot be true(不可能是真的)或者 cannot happen(不可能发生),那就意味着你确信某事不是真的或不会发生。]
This cannot be the whole story... (这不可能是事情的全部……)
He can't have said that... (他不可能说过这样的话……)
请做下面的英语试题:
There's no light on—they ____ be at home. A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't(全国高考卷 I,06-24)