《英语考试题典》(本科生、硕士生专用)(吉林科学技术出版社,1994,p.492)有一道判错题:
We insist that the Smiths are told about that matter. No Error. A B C D E
书上给的答案是 C( are told 应改为 be told)。但我认为 C 并没有错误。
首先应当注意,动词 insist 具有两种不同的含义:1. 坚持,坚持要求;2. 坚持认为,坚持说。insist 用作第一个含义时,that 从句中的谓语动词要用现在时虚拟语气或者 should + 动词原形(英国英语):
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I insist that he at once. (CGEL) 我坚持让他马上离开。
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... He always insisted that it should be written out in full. (New Concept English, Book 3, L.22) 他总是坚持要求把信全文写出来。
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They insisted that we not eat meat. (CGEL) 他们坚持不许我们吃肉。
但是, 当 insist 用作第二个意义时, 则使用陈述语气:
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She insisted that he is guilty of fraud. (CGEL) 她坚持认为他犯有诈骗罪。
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He insisted that he had done right. 他坚持说他做得对。
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Art critics insisted he was an illustrator rather than an artist. (WTYB) 艺术批评界认为他是个插图绘画者,而不是一个画家。
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He insisted that direct dialing was fast and convenient. (English for Today, Book 4) 他坚
持认为电话直拨是既迅速又方便的。
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Others insisted that the suspicious placement of disciples in The Last Supper was some kind of code. (Dan Brown, The Da Vinci Code) 另一些人则坚持说,《最后的晚餐》中耶稣门徒们令人生疑的位置安排,便是一种密码。(《达·芬奇密码》)
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He denied the charges against him and insisted that the girl, a distant relative, had made up her story. (Hillary, Living History) 他否认涉案,坚称是女方(他的远亲)凭空捏造。(希拉里,《亲历历史》)
你所提问的试题中的 insist 既可以理解为指第一种含义,也可以理解为指第二种含义。因此,that 从句既可以用现在时虚拟语气,也可以用陈述语气。在作上面两种不同的理解时,上面的句子便具有两种不同的含义:
(a)我们坚持要求把这件事告诉史密斯家(be told)。
(b)我们坚持认为这件事已告诉了史密斯家(are told)。
请做下面的英语试题:
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The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ____ the rules. A. obeys B. obey C. will obey D. would obey(全国高考)
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He insists that you are on time for the appointment you made. (TOEFL)
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Jean's uncle insists ____ in this hotel. A. not staying B. not to stay C. that he not stay D. staying not (TOEFL)