词典词条 · 问答

insist ⁴

核心问题

《英语考试题典》(本科生、硕士生专用)(吉林科学技术出版社,1994,p.492)有一道判错题:

We insist that the Smiths are told about that matter. No Error. A B C D E

书上给的答案是 C( are told 应改为 be told)。但我认为 C 并没有错误。

词典解答

首先应当注意,动词 insist 具有两种不同的含义:1. 坚持,坚持要求;2. 坚持认为,坚持说。insist 用作第一个含义时,that 从句中的谓语动词要用现在时虚拟语气或者 should + 动词原形(英国英语):

  1. I insist that he {leaveshouldleave}\left\{\begin{array}{l} leave \\ should leave \end{array}\right\} at once. (CGEL) 我坚持让他马上离开。

  2. ... He always insisted that it should be written out in full. (New Concept English, Book 3, L.22) 他总是坚持要求把信全文写出来。

  3. They insisted that we not eat meat. (CGEL) 他们坚持不许我们吃肉。

但是, 当 insist 用作第二个意义时, 则使用陈述语气:

  1. She insisted that he is guilty of fraud. (CGEL) 她坚持认为他犯有诈骗罪。

  2. He insisted that he had done right. 他坚持说他做得对。

  3. Art critics insisted he was an illustrator rather than an artist. (WTYB) 艺术批评界认为他是个插图绘画者,而不是一个画家。

  4. He insisted that direct dialing was fast and convenient. (English for Today, Book 4) 他坚

持认为电话直拨是既迅速又方便的。

  1. Others insisted that the suspicious placement of disciples in The Last Supper was some kind of code. (Dan Brown, The Da Vinci Code) 另一些人则坚持说,《最后的晚餐》中耶稣门徒们令人生疑的位置安排,便是一种密码。(《达·芬奇密码》)

  2. He denied the charges against him and insisted that the girl, a distant relative, had made up her story. (Hillary, Living History) 他否认涉案,坚称是女方(他的远亲)凭空捏造。(希拉里,《亲历历史》)

你所提问的试题中的 insist 既可以理解为指第一种含义,也可以理解为指第二种含义。因此,that 从句既可以用现在时虚拟语气,也可以用陈述语气。在作上面两种不同的理解时,上面的句子便具有两种不同的含义:

(a)我们坚持要求把这件事告诉史密斯家(be told)

(b)我们坚持认为这件事已告诉了史密斯家(are told)

练习题

请做下面的英语试题:

  1. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ____ the rules. A. obeys B. obey C. will obey D. would obey(全国高考)

  2. He insists that you are on time for the appointment you made. (TOEFL)

  3. Jean's uncle insists ____ in this hotel. A. not staying B. not to stay C. that he not stay D. staying not (TOEFL)

来源:英语常见问题解答大词典-4.md · 第 1012610176 行 · 原文哈希 52be51bcd4