make of/from/out of

大体的趋向是:当原材料制成成品后,而保持原有性质时,通常使用 make of。例如:

1. The chair is made of wood. 这把椅子是木头做的。

2. Do you think I'm made of iron? (Shaw) 你认为我由钢铁制成的？

3. The salad is made of lettuce, tomatoes and cucumbers. 这色拉是由莴苣、西红柿和黄瓜做成的。

4. At first people believed that air was made of only one gas. 起初人们认为空气只是由一种气体构成的。

5. The house is made of brick. (EED) 这房子是用砖建成的。

当原材料制成成品后,失去了原有的性质时,通常使用 make from。例如:

1. Nylon is made from air, coal and water. (Mis) 尼龙是由气体、煤和水生成的。

2. The wine is made from grapes. (ALD) 葡萄酒是用葡萄酿成的。

3. Bronze is made from copper and tin. (LEG) 青铜是由铜和锡构成的。

make out of 主要用于第一种含义(make of),有时也用于第二种含义(make from):

1. He made a skirt out of the material. (LDCE) 他用这种料子做了一条裙子。

2. In recent times men have learned how to make magnets out of iron. 近代,人们已经知道怎样用铁来制造磁体。

3. Two cans containing coffee have the same shape and are made out of the same sheet of tin. 装咖啡的两只罐子形状相同，而且是用同一张马口铁制造的。