核心问题
I was pleased that the manager had decided not to be angry with me for having been so rude. for having been so rude 应该如何分析？
词典解答
for having been so rude 是个介词短语, 在句中作原因状语, 其中的 having been 是 be 的动名词的完成式。
动名词的一般式 动名词的完成式 doing having done speaking having spoken working having worked being having been
一般而论,当动名词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,通常要使用动名词的完成形式。在上面的句子里,之所以使用动名词的完成形式(having been),就是因为 be rude 这一情景发生在 be angry 这一情景之前的缘故。下面是类似的实例:
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He was accused of having deserted his ship. 他被指控弃船逃跑。
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He is praised for having devoted his whole life to the country. 他因把一生贡献给国家而受到了表扬。
但是,有些动词,如 admit, forget, remember, deny, apologize, regret, thank 等,其后接的动名词的一般式可表达动名词完成式的意义,见相应的词条。
此外，在 after 等介词后，动名词的一般式也表达动名词完成式的意义，见 gerund 。