核心问题
According to Darwin, random changes that enhance a species' ability for surviving are naturally selected and passed on to succeeding generations. (全国研考, 98-11)
我看不出这道辨错题有什么错误。
词典解答
名词 ability 要求用动词不定式来作它的定语,故上题中的 for surviving 应改为 to survive。类例:
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He has the ability to do the work. 他有做这项工作的能力。
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He had the ability to explain things clearly and concisely. 他能够把事情解释得又清楚又简短。
[注意] capability 可接动词不定式,亦可接 of 短语或 for 短语。偶尔,也接 in 短语,例如: She has great capability in cooking. (JSD)
[试题句意]按照达尔文的说法,提高物种生存能力的无规则变化是自然选择的,并会遗传给后代。