核心问题
Winter is come. He is gone. 是否分别是 Winter has come. 和 He has gone. 之误?
词典解答
Winter is come. 和 He is gone. 都是正确的英语句子。它们与 Winter has come. He has gone. 是两种不同的结构, 表达完全不同的含义。前者既不是被动语态, 也不是现在完成时, 而是连系动词 be + 过去分词, 表达动作完成之后的状态 (state)。He is gone. 是指“他现在不在这儿了”, 强调动作结束后所造成的结果。而 He has gone. 是现在完成式, 表达已完成的动作 (action)。英语里类似 Winter is come. 的句子是非常之多的。
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How long do you think you'll be gone? (Dreiser) 你认为你将离开多长时间？
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The summer was come now. (Maugham) 现在已是夏天了。
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He went away and was gone quite a little while. (Hemingway) 他走了,不在这儿有一会儿了。
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“Father!” cried Fenella. But he was gone. (Mansfield) “爸爸!”费内拉喊道。但是他已经走了。