——Hi, Tracy, you look tired. ——I am tired. I ____ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted(全国高考,98-24) 答案为 C。但是,have been painting 是什么时态？它具有什么含义？
上题中的 have been painting 叫做现在完成进行时。它的构成是将进行时的原形 be doing(painting, working, waiting) 中的 be 变为现在完成时形式 have been, 即：
肯定式: I have been doing(painting, working, waiting)
否定式: I have not been doing (painting, working, waiting)
疑问句: Have I been doing (painting, working, waiting)
现在完成进行时强调动作一直在进行并持续到现在。至于该动作是刚刚停止，还是继续进行下去，则视上下文而定。
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I'm so sorry I'm late. Have you been waiting long? 真对不起,我迟到了。你等很久了吧?
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She's been typing letters all day. 她整天在打信件。
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You don't keep your word. Why didn't you tell me then? I've been looking forward to it. 你不守信用。为什么那时不告诉我呢？我一直盼望着它呢。
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How about the food I ordered? I have been waiting for twenty minutes. 我订的菜做好了吗？我等了20分钟了。
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I've been thinking about the numbers all night. (Dan Brown, The Da Vinci Code) 一整晚，
present perfect continuous tense 1174
我都在想这些数字。(《达·芬奇密码》)