词典词条 · 问答

by bus/on the bus

核心问题

I came here by the local bus.

有人告诉我这个句子有错误,不知错在何处?

词典解答

当笼统地指交通工具时,可以使用 by,并且表示交通工具的名词前不用冠词,例如 by train(乘火车),by bus(乘公共汽车),by car(乘小汽车),by ship(乘船),by bike(骑自行车)等等。但是,当指某个具体的交通工具时,则通常不使用介词 by,而且表示交通工具的名词之前要使用冠词:

  1. I saw him on the bus. 我在公共汽车上看到了他。

  2. [Barbary was working at the Slade, ] where she went daily in a bus. ……她每天乘公共汽车去那里。

  3. Next day I was off to Birmingham in a train. 第二天我乘火车去伯明翰。

  4. You won't go far on that old bike. 你骑那辆旧自行车是走不远的。

  5. We only managed to get there in time by begging a lift in a neighbour's car. 我们只因为搭乘了邻居的汽车才及时赶到了那里。

但是,当指某个具体的交通工具时,并不是绝对地不可使用 by,而且,在使用 by 时,如果名词之前无修饰语的话,也不一定非省略冠词不可。如果表示交通工具的名词之前有修饰语的话,则冠词是不可缺少的。例如:

  1. My friend and I returned to town by the midnight express train. (Doyle) (注意介词 by 与具体的交通工具连用) 我和我的朋友乘午夜的快车回到了城里。

  2. It's easier to go to town by the bus (rather than by the train). (CGEL) (注意介词 by 之后用了定冠词) 乘公共汽车(而不是乘火车)进城比较方便。

  3. by the last bus/by the 2 o'clock bus (CGEL) (注意具体的交通工具与 by 连用) 乘最后一班公共汽车/乘两点的公共汽车

  4. Father and son went to New York by a morning train. (Sinclair) 爸爸和儿子乘早晨的一趟火车去了纽约。

练习题

请做下面的英语试题:

  1. We're going to go ____ car. A. in France in John's B. in France by John's C. to France in John's D. to France by John's(Nelson)

  2. Because of the storm and rough waves, it would be foolish to go out sailing today in a small ____. A. automobile B. house C. boat D. beast(Michigan)

来源:英语常见问题解答大词典-2.md · 第 55395574 行 · 原文哈希 93ce501718