核心问题
including 与 included 都可用来表示部分同位关系, 即用来举例。请问它们之间有无区别?
词典解答
including 和 included 用于举例时,意义是一样的,都译作“包括”。但是,including 必须放在它所说明的同位语之前,而 included 必须放在它所说明的同位语之后:
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Everybody here has influenza including myself. (NP) 大家都得了流感,包括我在内。
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Six people, including four firemen, were treated for burns, smoke inhalation and shock, but no one was seriously hurt. (The Times) 6个人，其中包括4名消防队员，因为烧伤、烟呛和撞击正受到治疗，但是没有人伤势严重。（泰晤士报）
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Everyone laughed, me included. (Snow) 所有的人,包括我在内,都笑了。
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They will send you the book for $2.75, postage included. (ACD) 他们将把这本书寄给你,售价2.75美元,含邮费。
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Many people, my sister included, won't forgive him for that. (CGEL) 许多人,包括我妹妹,都不会原谅他这一点。