adverbial of condition(条件状语)

英语里表示条件的手段是很多的。很有必要在这里归纳一下，以便查阅。

A. in case of, in the event of, on condition of, with, without, but for, except for(引出否定的条件)等介词结构：

1. In case of fire, ring the bell. (Collins) 如果发生火灾,请按警铃。

2. In the event of rain, the party will be held indoors. (RCD) 天若下雨,聚会将在室内举行。

3. On condition of your signing this receipt, I will pay the money. 假如你在这收据上签

字，我就付给你钱。

4. Without steel, there would be no industry. 没有钢铁,就没有工业。

5. But for Gordon, we would have lost the match. (CGEL) 要不是高尔顿, 我们就会输了这场比赛了。

6. She would leave her husband except for her children. 如果没有孩子,她就离开她的丈夫了。

B. 动词不定式

1. To look at him you could hardly help laughing. (EEG) 要是你看一看他那个样儿，你会禁不住笑起来。

2. You must be strong to lift that weight. (CGEL) (“... if you were able to lift that weight.”) 要提起这个重物,你必须很强壮。

3. To be considered for admission, you must make a formal application. (“If you are to be considered...”) 如果你想被录取，你就必须写个正式的申请表。

4. What would I not have given to be able to say the rules without a mistake! (注意:这里的动词不定式表示与过去事实相反的假设) 要是当时我能够一点不差地把这些规则说出来,我什么代价不愿意付出啊!

5. To raise the standard of living in any country, two things are needed: scientific knowledge, and population sufficiently educated to understand how to apply it. 要想提高一个国家的生活水平，就必须具备两个条件：科学知识以及受过良好教育足以懂得如何应用科学知识的国民。

6. You'd be a fool not to take the scholarship. ("If you didn't...")(CGEL) 如果你不接受这笔奖学金,你就是一个大傻瓜。

C. 分词短语

1. Driving at high speed, one may well miss direction signs. (CGEL) 如果开车速度很快，很有可能看不到方向标志。

2. The sentence is ambiguous, taken out of context. (CGEL) 这个句子如果离开上下文是有歧义的。

3. Born in New China he would have been a great scholar. 他要是生在新中国的话,他就是一位伟大的学者了。

4. Given the chance I'd do it again. 如果还有机会,我会再干一次。

D. 形容词短语(常带连词)

1. If true, this will cause us a lot of trouble. (Mis) 如果这是真的,将会给我们带来许多麻烦。

2. If possible, the puppy should be fed four times a day. 如果可能的话,这条小狗每天应当喂四次食。

3. If wet, these shoes should never be placed too close to the heat. 这些鞋如果湿的话，绝不应当放在靠炉子太近的地方。