问英语｜英语常见问题解答

核心问题

（a）After Mr Wimpenny had the plane built, it was tested thoroughly.

(b) Since then, Mr Wimpenny has had it rebuilt.

以上三句摘自 New Concept English, Book 2, L.66。下面是朗文出版公司、世界图书出版公司出版的《新概念英语》(2)(p.278)上的译文：

(a) 在 Wimpenny 请人制成这架飞机之后, 又对它进行了全面的试验。

(b) 后来, Wimpenny 让人把它重新改制了。

(c)他把机翼的长度增加到93英尺……

据我所知, have sth. done 是指“让人做某事”, 例如, I had my hair cut yesterday. (昨天我

(让人给我)理了发。)不知为什么译文(c)没有把这层意思翻译出来。

词典解答

have sth. done 这个句型常常是有歧义的。有时是指叫别人做某事，而有时则是指主语（或逻辑主语）本身做某事。当句子本身不能提供判断线索时，只能求助于上下文。根据 New Concept English, Book 2, L.66 的内容，可以看出，Wimpenny 既是自行车飞机的设计者，又是它的制造者，所以，他自己动手干的可能性是极大的。因此，把上面三句中的动作 (built, rebuilt, increased) 看作是主语发出的动作比较合乎情理。此外，NCE 的编者提供的改写练习似乎也证明了这一点。

(a) After Mr Wimpenny built the plane, it was tested thoroughly.

温彭尼先生制造这架飞机后，对它进行了全面的试验。

(b) Since then, Mr Wimpenny has rebuilt it.

从那以后，温彭尼先生对这架飞机进行了改造。

他增加了机翼的长度……

再如：

It's over, Fache knew. His men would have the truck surrounded within minutes. Langdon was not going anywhere. (Dan Brown, The Da Vinci Code) 法希知道，一切都该结束了。几分钟内，他手下人就会将卡车包围。兰登无处可逃。（《达·芬奇密码》）

Dr Bell considered that problem carefully and finally he had them solved. (TOEFL)
The dentist said that if my tooth went worse, I should have to have it pull out. (全国研考)
“I can’t see the blackboard very well.” “Perhaps you need ____.” A. to examine your eyes B. to have your eyes examined C. to have examined your eyes D. to be examined your eyes(TOEFL)

请分析下列各句中 have 的意义并将句子译成汉语：

I intended to have my daughters educated in England. (Shaw)
He had four copies of the paper typed. (Lewis)
Pa's had his hands burned. (Dreiser)
I had my exercises done yesterday.
Have the job done by tomorrow!
I have had (got) all my mistakes corrected.
I had the work finished 2 days before it was needed.
Have it finished before you go to bed. (≈Get it finished...)
... but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired.

更详细的情形参见 have sth. done $^{1}$ 。