(1) I work in a middle school near here.
(2) Why are you in here?
(3) Once you're in here, listen to your teacher.
我认为句中的 here 是个名词,而且我对学生一直是这么讲的。而您在《英语常见问题解答大词典》(p. 33 和 p. 454)中却说 here 是个副词,这使我感到有点儿困惑。
我国出版的英汉词典,大都把 in(near, from) here 中的 here 看作是名词,如《新英汉词典》、《最新高级英汉词典》、《英汉大词典》等都是这么处理的。但是,这种处理方法虽然容易被学生接受,但是有一个很大的缺点:必须把大量没有名词语法特点的副词和形容词,如 (from) here, (over) there, (at) once, (since) when, (in) brief, (by) far 等等视作名词,这显然是违背词的分类原则的(它们没有复数形式,没有所有格形式等等)。因此,许多英美出版的英英词典和英语语法著作 (CGEL) 把上面的词仍看作是副词或形容词,并明确提出,副词和形容词可以作介词的宾语。例如,NODE(1998) 对 here 和 there 是这么注释的。
here▶adverb... [after prep] I'm getting out of here.
there▶adverb... [after prep] I'm not going in there—it's freezing.
薄冰教授主编的《高级英语语法》(p.601)也明确提出“有些表示地点、时间的副词可以作介词的宾语,如 here 和 there…”
下面是一些常见的副词与介词的搭配:
from here, in there, over there, at once, until now, since when, before long, by far, from abroad, from below
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Get out of here! 滚出去!
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Come over here! 到这边来!
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Do you live near here? 你住在附近吗?
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How far is the town from here? 该城离这里有多远?
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Why did you bring that dog in here? 你为什么把那条狗带到这里来了?
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Have you seen any Austrians pass by here? 你看见有奥地利人经过这儿吗?(北京会考,92-阅A)
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Oh, yes. I want to do some shopping. Is there a nice big shop around here? 噢,是的。我想买些东西。这儿附近有好的大商店吗?
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She used to come in here as a little kid, but that was years ago. (Dan Brown, The Da Vinci Code) 她很小的时候经常来这里,但那是很久以前的事了。(《达·芬奇密码》)
herring 见 duck
hers 见 possessive pronouns