Piles of stones lie in a corner of the courtyard, waiting to be replaced. [《高中英语教科书》第三册, 人教社, p.38]
[原译]院子的角落里放着一堆堆的石头，准备作更换之用。（该书《课文注释》，p.301）
与之配套的《教师教学用书》(p.313)以及我所能查到的教辅材料都是这么翻译的。但是我认为 to be replaced 并不是表示“作更换之用”，而是表示“被替换下来（即不再用的意思）”。例如：
He is inefficient and must be replaced. (ALD) 他不称职, 必须撤换。
replace 作“替换”解时, to be replaced 确实是“被替换”的意思。在这里我们需要搞清作“替换”解的 replace 的用法：
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We need to replace that chair. 我们需要更换那把椅子。
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Robots are replacing people on assembly lines. People on assembly lines are being replaced by robots. 机器人正在逐渐代替装配线上的工人。
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Thousands of stone blocks were moved and many roof sections were replaced with new ones where necessary. 成千上万块石头被搬动了,屋顶的许多部分凡有必要都换成了新的。
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If we save our natural resources, we will have to spend a lot of money to find something to replace them. 如果我们要保存我们的自然资源,我们就得花大量的钱去寻找它们的代用品。
但是,如果把问句中的 to be replaced 理解为“被替换下来”,似乎不符合上下文;被替换下来废弃不用的东西,还特意提它干什么?
原来, replace 还有另外的含义: put back(放回原处)。例如:
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He replaced the book on the shelf. 他把书放回书架上。
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She replaced the receiver. 她把电话听筒放回了原处。
《高中英语教科书》上的课文交待得很清楚:那些石头要用稀薄的化学溶剂清洗干净,石头之间的缝隙要填充,最后还要在石头上面涂上一层永久防水的材料。在作了这些工作之后,再把那些石头放回原处。因此,to be replaced 无疑应作“被放回原处”解。
[试译]院子的角落里放着一堆堆的石头,有待放回原处。
请做下面的英语试题：
While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that television ____ the newspaper completely.
A. replaced B. have replaced C. replace D. will replace(全国四级,95.6-48) replace
Thousands of stone blocks were moved and many roof sections were replaced with new ones where necessary. [《高中英语教科书》第三册(上), 人教社, p.40]
《中学英语1+1》(中国青年出版社，p.95)以及《名师随堂·高三英语》(广西师大出版社，p.111)所提供的课文句子却是：
Thousands of stone blocks were moved and new roof sections were replaced where necessary. 请问哪个句子是正确的？
上面的第一个句子(即现行《英语教科书》第三册所提供的句子)是正确的,而后一个句子是错误的,因为它的意思是:“新的屋顶被替换下来”。详情请见replace 。