词典词条 · 问答

hard/hardly

核心问题

No matter how hardly he pushed, the door would not open. (不管他怎么用力推,门也不开。)这个句子有毛病吗?

词典解答

在英语里有若干形容词,其副词有两种形式:跟形容词同形的副词和以-ly结尾的副词。例如:clean - cleanly, close - closely, deep - deeply, direct - directly, high - highly, wide - widely, hard - hardly, late - lately, near - nearly等。其中clean - cleanly, close - closely, deep - deeply, direct - directly, high - highly等,它们与形容词同形的副词和以-ly结尾的副词在基本词义上无重大区别,只是用法有所不同(参见deep/deeply, high/highly)。但是,hardhardly, latelately, nearnearly却具有完全不同的含义。副词hard作“努力地”“用力地”“厉害地”解,而副词hardly作“几乎不”(almost not)解,He hardly works.不是表示“他努力工作。”,而是表示“他几乎不工作”。把hardly误用作hard,不仅是中国人常犯的毛病,而且也是其他非英语国家的人常犯的毛病。例如,有一位非英语国家的教授在来信中表扬一位研究生时说He works very hardly。与此相类似,late作“晚”“迟”解,而lately作“最近”“近来”解(见lately);near作“近”“附近”解,而nearly作“几乎”(almost)解。

  1. Evolution has hardly changed the horseshoe crab over millions of years. A. carefully B. probably C. scarcely D. slowly(TOEFL)

  2. This pair of shoes isn't good, but that pair is ____ better. A. rather B. less C. ever D. hardly(全国研考)

  3. Duncairn, a castle built in the twelfth century on the western coast of Scotland, is ____ a few feet high. A. hardly more than B. almost more than C. just as much as D. nearly more than(Nelson, 400D)

来源:英语常见问题解答大词典-4.md · 第 24022417 行 · 原文哈希 52be51bcd4