词典词条 · 问答

as a director/as director

核心问题

I'm a director. I direct plays. What do you do as director?

郑孝通编《高中英语重点·难点纵横谈》(2)(中国科技大学出版社,p.13)在解释上面的句子时说:

“第一句是说明自己的职业。‘我是一个导演。导演戏剧的。’第二句是说明对方的身份(title),亦是头衔,称号,职称。在as后不用冠词。所以问:‘作为导演你干什么工作呢?’as后面若表明身份,通常不用a,请看下面的例句:

He succeeded Patton as commander in chief. (他接替巴顿任总司令。)总司令是官衔
Maybe I can act as spokesman. (也许我可以当发言人。)发言人是一种头衔

He wants me to go with him as secretary general. (他要我一起去当秘书长。)秘书长是头衔[本书作者按:本句的译文是错误的,应改为:“他希望我作为秘书长跟他一起去。”]

He did very well as mining engineer. (作为矿业工程师他干得很出色。)矿业工程师是一种职称

She served as a model for a famous painter. (她为一个著名画家充当模特儿。)这里有a,模特儿为一般职业

I had no success as a teacher. (作为一名教师我碌碌无为。)这里有 a, 教师是职业,不算职称。”

上书作者说:表示“头衔”“称号”“职称”的名词不用冠词,而 professor, doctor 都表示“职称”“称号”,为什么它们能与不定冠词连用呢?

词典解答

精确的说法应当是:只有当用作表语或介词 as 宾语的名词表示独一无二的身份或职务(即只有一个人担任的职务)时,在它们的前面才可以使用零冠词(即不使用冠词)。在这种情况下,亦可使用定冠词,如上面的例①、②、③、④。如要表示某个“职称”“称号”之中的一个人仍要使用不定冠词a(an),除非在某些特定的动词(select, turn)之后:

  1. She was praised as an actress, but less so as a director. (CIDE) 她作为演员受到了称赞,但是她作为导演却并非如此。

  2. She spoke as a lawyer. (CGEL) 她作为一名律师发表了讲话。

  3. As(the) chairman of the committee, I declare this meeting closed. (CGEL) 我作为委员会的主席,宣布本次会议结束。

  4. John F. Kennedy was (the) President of the United States in 1961. (CGEL) 约翰·肯尼迪在 1961 年当选美国总统。

  5. Cook was to be in charge of this expedition as captain of the ship Endeavour. 后来,库克作为“奋力”号船长负责这次考察。

  6. After the letter has been read out to the court, Portia, in lawyer's clothes, enters the room and takes her seat as judge. 这封信当庭宣读之后,鲍西娅穿着律师的衣服走进屋来。她作为法官就座了。

来源:英语常见问题解答大词典-1.md · 第 24372473 行 · 原文哈希 6cf5c975cd