核心问题
Water, ice and snow are (matters, substances, materials). 水、冰、雪都是物质。
请问上句用哪一个词是正确的?
词典解答
作“物质”解的 matter 是指与精神相对而言的“物质”。在这个意义上,它是个不可数名词:
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The physical world is composed of matter. 物质世界是由物质构成的。
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Matter exists in three states: solid, liquid and gas. 物质以三种形态存在:固体、液体和气体。
substance 可指具体的“物质”,是个可数名词,故可用于上句中:
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Stone is a hard substance. 石头是坚硬的物质。
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Carbon is a substance found in many forms. 碳是以多种形态存在的物质。
material 是指“材料”,尤指“原材料”,是个可数名词:
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Wood and stone are building materials. 木头和石头是建筑材料。
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He has to have raw materials. 他必须拥有原材料。
[注意] material 作“资料”“素材”解时是个不可数名词:
Our teacher put together material for a textbook. 我们老师汇集了编写课本的素材。请做下面的英语试题:
Wood is a useful ____ for building houses.
A. matter B. material C. substance D. object