词典词条 · 问答

score ⁴

核心问题 1

____ people were sent there to help fight against the flood.

A. Three scores of B. Three score of C. Three score D. Three scores(《高中英语解题题典》,东北师大出版社,p.37)

您在《初高中英语考点难点详解词典》中说:“这道题出得不好,虽然选项 B 是可以接受的,但更常见的形式却是选项 C。”

此题出得好与不好,暂且不论,选项 C 真的比 B 更常见吗? 且看从一些常用的词典中摘录的例子:

two score of eggs 四十只蛋(《远东英汉大辞典》)

There was barely a score of people there. (《新世纪英语用法大词典》)

a (three) score of people(《新英汉词典》, 上海译文出版社)

three score of books(《英汉详注词典》, 上海交大出版社)

a score of people(《牛津现代高级英汉双解辞典》第三版)

I walked a score of miles. (《最新学生实用英汉词典》, 1989 辽宁人民出版社)

a (two) score of eggs(《英语搭配大词典》, 江苏教育)

a score of reasons(同上)

three score of eggs(《最新高级英汉词典》,商务)

a score of people(《现代英语用法词典》重排本,外研社)

I'd escaped death a score of times by a hair's breath. (同上)

two score of men(《英语惯用法大词典》, 中国科技)

five score of herring 一捆鲱鱼(100尾)(《英华大词典》)

None of these groups had more than a score of supporters. (《柯林斯词典》)

由此看来,很难说上题选项 B 不常见,而选项 C 的形式源自于《圣经》上的那句话,并出现在与“年岁”有关的一些说法中: three score (years) and ten 古稀之年来自《圣经》

According to the Bible, we can expect to live for three score and ten( = 70 years). (《朗文当代高级英语词典》)

four score and ten years ago(《英美语惯用法词典》)

上述选择题说的是60人,而不是60年,因此不宜用选项C形式。根据《远东》、《新英汉》、《英汉详注》、《英语搭配》、《英华》等词典的观点应采用选项B的形式,表示60人。

词典解答 1

谢谢这位读者提供了如此丰富的例子。但是,他说上题不宜用选项C的说法,我却不敢苟同。请看下面的实例:

  1. We ordered three score (=60) boxes. (CIDE) 我们订了 60 箱。

  2. Even in my two score years the world has changed. (Cobuild) 甚至在我生下来以后的这四十年里世界也已起了变化。

  3. The company already has around four score titles commissioned and planned for publication ... (CCED) 这家公司已选定了大约80个题目的图书,计划出版……

  4. Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation ... (Abraham Lincoln) 八十七年前我们的先辈在这块大陆上建立了一个新的国家……

上面的实例足以证明数词 + score + 复数名词绝不仅仅是“出现在与‘年岁’有关的说法中”。

那么,究竟哪个形式较为常用呢?让我们援引薄冰老师的论述:

two (three, four, etc.) score eggs (a)

two (three, four, etc.) score of eggs (b)

(a)与(b)同义,但(a)较(b)普通[有人说(b)有古义]。”[《英语语法札记》(三),外研社,p.14]

让我们再来援引 CGEL(p.309) 的论述:

score [ =20]: ‘four score and ten years ago’; but always:scores (and scores) of people’sea

核心问题 2

The most famous salt lake in the world is the Dead Sea ... the Dead Sea(死海)和 London, England 一样,都是专有名词。专有名词之前可以加定冠词吗?

词典解答 2

海和洋以及河流的名称之前通常要带定冠词,例如:the BalticSea)(波罗的海) the PacificOcean)(太平洋)the AtlanticOcean)(大西洋) the IndianOcean)(印度洋)

来源:英语常见问题解答大词典-7.md · 第 83258402 行 · 原文哈希 fa86ae543c