____ people were sent there to help fight against the flood.
A. Three scores of B. Three score of C. Three score D. Three scores(《高中英语解题题典》,东北师大出版社,p.37)
您在《初高中英语考点难点详解词典》中说:“这道题出得不好,虽然选项 B 是可以接受的,但更常见的形式却是选项 C。”
此题出得好与不好,暂且不论,选项 C 真的比 B 更常见吗? 且看从一些常用的词典中摘录的例子:
two score of eggs 四十只蛋(《远东英汉大辞典》)
There was barely a score of people there. (《新世纪英语用法大词典》)
a (three) score of people(《新英汉词典》, 上海译文出版社)
three score of books(《英汉详注词典》, 上海交大出版社)
a score of people(《牛津现代高级英汉双解辞典》第三版)
I walked a score of miles. (《最新学生实用英汉词典》, 1989 辽宁人民出版社)
a (two) score of eggs(《英语搭配大词典》, 江苏教育)
a score of reasons(同上)
three score of eggs(《最新高级英汉词典》,商务)
a score of people(《现代英语用法词典》重排本,外研社)
I'd escaped death a score of times by a hair's breath. (同上)
two score of men(《英语惯用法大词典》, 中国科技)
five score of herring 一捆鲱鱼(100尾)(《英华大词典》)
None of these groups had more than a score of supporters. (《柯林斯词典》)
由此看来,很难说上题选项 B 不常见,而选项 C 的形式源自于《圣经》上的那句话,并出现在与“年岁”有关的一些说法中: three score (years) and ten 古稀之年来自《圣经》
According to the Bible, we can expect to live for three score and ten( = 70 years). (《朗文当代高级英语词典》)
four score and ten years ago(《英美语惯用法词典》)
上述选择题说的是60人,而不是60年,因此不宜用选项C形式。根据《远东》、《新英汉》、《英汉详注》、《英语搭配》、《英华》等词典的观点应采用选项B的形式,表示60人。
谢谢这位读者提供了如此丰富的例子。但是,他说上题不宜用选项C的说法,我却不敢苟同。请看下面的实例:
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We ordered three score (=60) boxes. (CIDE) 我们订了 60 箱。
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Even in my two score years the world has changed. (Cobuild) 甚至在我生下来以后的这四十年里世界也已起了变化。
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The company already has around four score titles commissioned and planned for publication ... (CCED) 这家公司已选定了大约80个题目的图书,计划出版……
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Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation ... (Abraham Lincoln) 八十七年前我们的先辈在这块大陆上建立了一个新的国家……
上面的实例足以证明数词 + score + 复数名词绝不仅仅是“出现在与‘年岁’有关的说法中”。
那么,究竟哪个形式较为常用呢?让我们援引薄冰老师的论述:
“two (three, four, etc.) score eggs (a)
two (three, four, etc.) score of eggs (b)
(a)与(b)同义,但(a)较(b)普通[有人说(b)有古义]。”[《英语语法札记》(三),外研社,p.14]
让我们再来援引 CGEL(p.309) 的论述:
“score [ =20]: ‘four score and ten years ago’; but always: ‘scores (and scores) of people’” sea
The most famous salt lake in the world is the Dead Sea ... the Dead Sea(死海)和 London, England 一样,都是专有名词。专有名词之前可以加定冠词吗?
海和洋以及河流的名称之前通常要带定冠词,例如:the Baltic(Sea)(波罗的海) the Pacific(Ocean)(太平洋)the Atlantic(Ocean)(大西洋) the Indian(Ocean)(印度洋)