用作关系代词的 whom/who 与介词
The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin.
上面的句子能否改写为 The girl who(m) I spoke to ... ? 如果能,它们之间有无区别?
上面的句子可以改写为 The girl who(m) I spoke to ... 两个句子的含义相同,但在语体上有区别。介词 + whom 位于定语从句之首的结构,大都用于正式语体,而介词位于句尾的结构大都用于非正式语体。在非正式语体中,省略关系代词 who(m),而把介词放在句尾的结构是更为常用的(参见 about )。请注意下面实例中定语从句的结构差异:
A. 介词 + whom 结构位于从句之首(介词位于 whom 之前时,不能用 who 来代替)
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This is the man to whom I referred. 这就是我提到的那个人。
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the lady towards whom the dog ran 那条狗向着她跑过去的那位女士 B. who(m) ... + 介词(位于从句句尾)
the lady who(m) the dog ran towards 那条狗向着她跑过去的那位女士
C. ( ) ... + 介词(位于从句句尾)
the lady ( ) the dog ran towards
请做下面的英语试题：
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The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month. A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking(全国高考)
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In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ____ she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom(同上,92-27)
- —Who did you spend last weekend with? —____.
A. Palmer's B. The Palmers' C. The Palmers D. The Palmer's(上海高考,98-1)
- The gentleman ____ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.
A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom(同上,00春-9)
- Alec asked the policeman ____ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident. A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom(同上,02-31)