as/which ³

as 和 which 在引导修饰句子的非限制性定语从句时,主要有两个区别:1. 语序上有区别,见 as $^{24}$ ;2. 词汇意义有区别,which 只作“这”“这一点”解,而 as 却可作“这”“这一点”“正如”“正像”解。在后一个意义上,它们是不能互换的:

As is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer. 正如全世界所知道的，马克·吐温是美国伟大的作家。

大量实例表明,关系代词 as 是可以与实义动词连用的:

1. As you will find out, I will never let you down. 你将会发现,我绝不会使你失望的。

2. She is very careful, as her work shows. 正像她的工作所表明的，她是非常细心的。

3. All day long he worked at making shoes, as he had done in prison. 他像在监狱里那样，整天专心致志地缝制鞋子。

4. The sun is hot, as everyone knows. (as = a fact that) 太阳是热的, 这是大家都知道的。

5. The electricity went off, as frequently happens in a thunderstorm. 停电了, 这在雷雨天是经常发生的。