词典词条 · 问答

inversion ¹⁶ (倒装)

核心问题

At the far end of a kaleidoscope ____, one made of clear glass and the other of ground glass. A. two plates are B. two plates are there C. are two plates there D. are two plates (TOEFL)

正确答案为D。但我不明白这里为什么不能用A?难道状语位于句首就必须实行主谓倒装吗?

词典解答

大家都知道,一般的地点状语位于句首并不要求主谓倒装。例如,在 the nursery the children were playing happily but noisily.(孩子们在托儿所玩得很欢乐,但很吵闹。)但是,当句子的主语传递新信息时,就常常采用主谓倒装的语序。其目的是为了“把听者心中所无的事物暂且捺住,先从环境说起,然后引出那个未知的事物:总之,是要把已知的部分说在前,新知的部分说在后,由“‘熟’而及‘生’”(吕叔湘语)。

只有在这种情况下,地点状语位于句首时,主谓语才实行倒装。例如:

  1. In the garden lay the old lady. (CGEL) 在花园里躺着那位老妇人。

  2. There at the summit stood the castle in all its medieval splendour. (CGEL) 在顶峰耸立着一座闪烁着中世纪光辉的城堡。

练习题

请做下面的英语试题:

South of Gallup, New Mexico, ____, one of the legendary Seven Cities of Cibola visited by Coronado in 1540. A. where the ancient ruins of HawiKuh lie B. the ancient ruins lie of HawiKuh C. the ancient ruins of HawiKuh lie D. lie the ancient ruins of HawiKuh (TOEFL) (参见 adverbial fronting)

来源:英语常见问题解答大词典-4.md · 第 1105011072 行 · 原文哈希 52be51bcd4