We need a room to live. (我们需要一间房子住。) 据说这个句子是错误的。请分析。
当动词不定式充当名词定语时,它与被它所修饰的名词,在语义上可能存在着主谓关系或动宾关系。
A. 主谓关系
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He is not a man to bow before difficulties. 他不是在困难面前低头的人。
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He loves parties; he is always the first to come and the last to leave. (PEG) 他喜欢参加聚会,总是第一个来,最后一个走。
B. 动宾关系
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Have you anything to declare? 你有什么要申报的吗?
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I have letters to write. 我有许多信要写。
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New York's a nice place to visit. (《韦氏辞典》, 电子版) 纽约是个游览的好地方。
C. 介宾关系
a pen to write with 一支可写字用的钢笔
a table to write on 一张可写字(用的)桌子
a table to sit down at 一张可坐下来吃饭(写字)用的桌子
an office to work in 一间可以工作的办公室
a stool to sit on 一张可以坐的凳子
a child to look after 一个需要照看的小孩
a nice man to work with 一个好共事的人
Obviously he had nothing else to write with. (Dan Brown, The Da Vinci Code) 显然,他没有别的东西可供写字。(《达·芬奇密码》)
像 a room to live in 和 an office to work in 这样一些结构,也可以理解为被修饰的名词在动词不定式中充当处所状语时必须加一个适当的介词。
请做下面的英语试题:
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I haven't got a chair _. A. to sit B. for to sit on C. to sit on D. for sitting (Nelson, 200A)
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I haven't decided which hotel ____. A. stay B. is to stay at C. to stay at D. is for staying (EPT)
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Astronauts can be affected by loneliness. They may have to sit in the spacecraft for weeks with very little to do and no one to talk. (全国研考)