词典词条 · 问答

public school

核心问题 1

我在阅读中经常遇到 public school 这个短语。但我一直没有搞清它的概念。

词典解答 1

在美国,public school 是指由当地政府主管的由公共基金维持的中小学校,对于当地的儿童是免费的;在英国 public school 是指要付费的私立中学的一种类型(在美国则称作 private school)。既然是“私立”(private),那为何又称作 public 呢?这是因为最古老的 public schools(例如 Eton College)是为那些其父母付不起学费的聪明的孩子提供免费教育而建立的,并且受“公众”(public)的管理和监督。因此之故,《新英汉辞典》将 public school 译作(英国的)公学。但是,现在英国的 public schools 已成为学费最高的私立中学。在这样的学校里

学生大都是寄宿的。因此之故,《远东英汉大辞典》将 public school 译作(英国的)寄宿中学。put on/dress/wear

核心问题 2

(1)It was a bad day so Mike ____ his raincoat.

A. puts on B. put on C. wears D. took on

(2) HeAwearsBveryCquickly. (TOEFL)D\frac{\text{He}}{\text{A}} \frac{\text{wears}}{\text{B}} \frac{\text{very}}{\text{C}} \frac{\text{quickly. (TOEFL)}}{\text{D}}

(3) Mrs. Smith's dress was a cheerful red, but on the other hand, her husband dressed in severe black. (全国研考)

put on, dresswear 都做“穿衣”解,但我搞不清它们的用法。请解答。

词典解答 2

put on 是指“穿上”“戴上”这个一时性的动作,而不表示持续状态:

  1. Why don't you put on the dark grey suit today? (Lewis) 你今天为什么不穿上暗灰色的衣服?

  2. Put your hat on. (ALD) 戴上帽子。

wear则是指“穿着”“戴着”这样的持续状态。有一本英文辞典是这样解释put onwear的区别的:If you put on a piece of clothing, you place it on your body in order to wear it.

  1. She was still wearing her thick coat. (Priestley) 她仍然穿着厚厚的大衣。

  2. She was wearing a gold ring. (Palmer) 她戴着一只金戒指。

及物动词 dress 也作“穿衣”解,但它的宾语不是指衣服,而是指人,即 dress sb. (给……穿衣服):

  1. She dressed the child. (Palmer) 她给孩子穿上了衣服。

  2. How long does it take you to dress yourself? (ALD) 你穿衣服需要多长时间?

dress 用作不及物动词时,一般是指一时性的动作:

  1. I can dress in 5 minutes. (LDCE) 我可以五分钟内穿好衣服。

  2. Get up and dress quickly. (ALD) 起来, 快点穿好衣服。

  3. I washed and dressed and sat by the fire waiting for him. (Mis) 我洗完脸,穿好衣服,然后坐在火炉旁等他。

有时候,不及物动词 dress 也可表示“穿着”这个持续的状态:

  1. She dresses well. (Palmer) 她总是穿得很好。

  2. She always dresses in black. (LDCE) 她总是穿黑衣服。

  3. He still dressed like a bank manager. (EED) 他仍然穿得像个银行经理。

be dressed 一般表示持续状态:

  1. He was dressed in a black suit. (EED) 他穿着黑西服。

  2. He was dressed in Japanese clothes. (Palmer) 他穿着日本服装。

get dressed 则表示动作:

Now you get dressed and go out and try your luck. (Mansfield) 现在你穿好衣服,出去试试你的运气吧。

有时候, be dressed 也可表示动作“穿好”:

  1. Breakfast will be ready by the time you are dressed. 等你穿好衣服时,早饭就会准备好。

  2. When she was dressed she went to Fleur's room. (Galsworthy) 当她穿好衣服后,去了弗洛尔的房间。

练习题

请做下面的英语试题:

  1. Jack is ____ a black jacket today.

A. having on B. put on C. wearing D. dressed(全国高考)

  1. It was a bad day so Mike ____ his raincoat.

A. puts on B. put on C. takes on D. took on(Nelson, 100D)

  1. What?” “I used to ____ long hair.

put on/dress/wear

1200

A. have B. reserve C. wear D. grow(TOEFL)

  1. "Mary got very wet in the thunderstorm." "If ____ a raincoat, that wouldn't have happened."

A. she'd worn B. she has worn C. she'll wear D. she should wear(TOEFL)

Q

来源:英语常见问题解答大词典-7.md · 第 29773070 行 · 原文哈希 fa86ae543c