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词典词条 · 问答

rise/raise ²

核心问题 1

（1）The sudden and unprecedented raise in the cost of living proved to be an unforeseen advantage because it helped him decide to leave the country at last. (TOEFL)

(2) “The price of the things keeps going up.” “Yes, but the interest paid on my savings account is certainly not ____.” A. risen B. raise C. on the rise D. on the raise (TOEFL)

查《最新高级英汉词典》，用作名词的 raise: 加薪；增加(=rise)。查 WNCD，用作名词的 raise: an increase in amount: as a: an increase of a bet or bid b: an increase in wages or salary. 既然名词 raise 作 rise (an increase in amount) 解，为什么试题(1)要求将 raise 改为 rise，而试题(2)，要求选 C，而不能选 D 呢？

词典解答 1

名词 raise 在美国英语中用来表示“加薪”(an increase in wages or salary)已被看作是正式的书面英语。例如：

  1. He thought about asking his boss for a raise. (EED) 他考虑请老板提高工资的事。

  2. He received a raise not only in salary but in position as well. (FWF) 他不仅提高了工资,而且也提高了地位。

请对比英国英语的用法：

We all got a £ 6-a-week rise last month. 我们上个月的周薪都提高了6英镑。

但是,在其他情况下用 raise 来代替 rise(an increase in amount) 目前尚未被看作是非正式用法。而我们大家都知道,TOEFL 的测试专家们是以考核考生正确运用正式的书面英语的能力为己任的。

roar to/at 见 shout to/at rob/rob of 见 deprive of rob/steal

核心问题 2

×They robbed her necklace(all her money). 他们抢了她的项链(她所有的钱)。 ×I was stolen. 我被盗了。

据说这两个跟汉语完全对应的句子都是错误的,不知错误出在什么地方?

词典解答 2

在汉语里可以说“抢了项链”“抢了钱”“抢了银行”“抢了某人”，而在英语里却只能说rob a bank, rob her，而不能说rob the money(necklace)。这是因为rob的宾语只能是遭抢的人或地点，而不能是被抢的东西本身。如果要涉及被抢的东西，则必须用rob sb. of sth.这个结构：They robbed her of all her money.

  1. I am a gentleman. I live by robbing the poor. (Shaw) 我是个绅士。我以掠夺穷人为生。

  2. The man who robbed you is called Sykes. (PEG) 抢劫你的那个人叫赛克斯。

  3. Thieves robbed the bank of thousands of dollars. (Thorndike) 小偷们抢了银行数千美元。

  4. She was robbed of her necklace (by the gang). (CGEL) 她的项链被(歹徒)抢走了。

而 steal 的用法与 rob 不同, 它的宾语只能是被偷的东西 (necklace, money, watch 等等), 而不能是遭偷的人或地点:

  1. While he was asleep, she stole his watch. (LDOCE) 当他睡着的时候，她偷了他的手表。

  2. Someone stole a painting from the museum. (FWF) 有人从博物馆偷走了一幅画。

  3. After searching the house for evidence, the police concluded that someone must have come in through the kitchen window and stolen the silver while the family was asleep. (TOEFL) 警察在房子里搜寻证据之后，得出了结论：在这家人睡觉时，一定是有人从厨房的窗户爬了进来，偷走了银器。

  4. “What was going on last night?” “When I returned home, I found the window open and something stolen.” (TOEFL) “昨天晚上发生什么事了?” “我回到家时，发现窗户开着，有些东西被偷走了。”

练习题

请做下面的英语试题：

  1. “What exactly did you see, Miss Garner?” “Well, your Honor, I saw ____.” A. a bank being robbed with two men B. robbing a bank two men C. two men robbing a bank D. two men who rob a bank (TOEFL)

  2. The bank is reported in the local newspaper ____ in broad daylight yesterday. A. robbed B. to have been robbed C. being robbed D. having been robbed(全国四级,00.12-63)

  3. Having been robbed off economic importance, those states are not likely to count for very much in international political terms. (全国研考,98-14)

来源：英语常见问题解答大词典-7.md · 第 6920—6981 行 · 原文哈希 fa86ae543c…