核心问题
单个的过去分词(v-ed)既可以做前置定语,也可以做后置定语。请问这两种用法有什么区别。
词典解答
单个的过去分词用作定语时大都前置，如: an abandoned hope, the wanted man, the broken window。有时也可以后置。后置的目的，主要是为了突出其动词性或暂时性：
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The material needed is zinc. 需要的材料是锌。
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The method adopted was effective. 所采用的方法是有效的。
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Things seen are mightier than things heard. 看到的事比听到的事更有力的。
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The people involved were not found. 涉及到的人还没找到。
其次，有些过去分词后置已成固定用法：
the amount demanded(所需的数量)
the earliest inventions known(已知的最早的发明)
另外,有些过去分词做后置定语与做前置定语是有不同的含义:
the countries concerned(有关的国家)
a concerned expression(忧虑的表情)
the parties involved(有关各方)
an involved problem(复杂的问题)
jobs wanted(寻找的工作)
wanted men(被通缉的人)
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He talked to me like a concerned older brother. 他跟我谈话,像个关切的老大哥。
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She told me an involved story about her family. 她给我讲了有关她家庭的复杂关系。