He ____ in his homework. A. did a lot of faults B. made a lot of faults C. did a lot of mistakes D. made a lot of mistakes 我选了 B,对吗?
此题的正确答案是 D。其考核重点是 mistake 与 fault 在词义和用法上的区别。从词义上说,mistake 是指偶然做了错事。如拼写错误、印刷错误、讲话错误等。从搭配上说,“犯错误”的英译是 make a mistake/mistakes。例如:
-
We all make mistakes. 我们大家都会犯错误。
-
A common mistake is to say ‘lend’ when you mean ‘borrow’. 一个常见的错误是当你想说“借入(borrow)”的时候却说了“借给(lend)”。
与 mistake 不同, fault 常常是指人在性格上或办事方式上的“缺点”“毛病”, 有时含有“对错事负责任(responsibility for sth. wrong)”的意思。从搭配上看, 它不与 make 搭配, 而常与 have(或 commit) 搭配。这样, 我们就从词义和搭配两个方面说明了上题不能选 B 的原因。
-
Every man has his faults. 每个人都有自己的错误(人皆有过)。
-
His only fault is that he lacks ambition. 他唯一的缺点是缺乏雄心。
-
That was no one's fault but my own. (B. Clinton, My Life) 这是我一个人的错。(《我的生活》)
当然, fault 也有与 mistake 相似之处, 可作“错误”“过失”“过错”解, 如: faults in this book (这本书中的错误), faults of grammar(语法错误), spelling fault(拼写错误), Sophie's fault(索菲的错儿)。
mistake(v.)
-
I cannot find any faults in his book. 我在他的书中找不出任何错误。
-
It's Sophie's fault that we are late. 我们迟到是索菲的错儿。
请做下面的英语试题:
“I don’t think it’s my ____ that the TV blew up. I just turned it on, that’s all.” said the boy. A. error B. mistake C. fault D. duty(上海高考,03-46)