词典词条 · 问答

see sb. do/doing ¹

核心问题

请问 I saw him cross the road.I saw him crossing the road. 有什么区别?

词典解答

I saw him cross the road. 是指“我看到他穿过马路的整个过程”(从离开人行道到另一边的人行道),也就是说,在这种句型中,动词不定式表示整个活动或整个事件从头到尾的全过程。而 I saw him crossing the road. 则是指“我看到他正在穿过马路”。也就是说,在这种句型中,分词表示正在进行的活动或反复性活动。

请对比:

<div class="mineru-algorithm" style="white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:monospace;"> I saw them $\left\{ \begin{array}{l} shoot \text{ at him.} \\ shooting \text{ at him. (CGEL)} \end{array} \right.$ </div>

(动词原形 shoot 表示一次性动作,而分词 shooting 表示正在进行的或反复性的动作)在 see 用作被动态时,情况亦是如此:

He was seen to cross the road. (整个过程) 有人看见他穿过马路。

He was seen crossing the road. (正在进行的动作或反复性动作)

有人看见他正在穿过马路。

在这种句型中,除 see 之外,尚有 hear, notice, feel, watch。请注意使用动词不定式与使用分词在意义上的差别。

<div class="mineru-algorithm" style="white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:monospace;"> 1. I watched them $\left\{ \begin{array}{l} climb \text{ the tower.} \\ climbing \text{ the tower. (CGEL)} \end{array} \right.$ </div>

(动词原形 climb 表示“他们已到达塔顶”,而分词 climbing 表示“他们正在攀登”,即尚未到达塔顶)

我看到他们 {攀登到塔上。正在往塔上攀登。\left\{\begin{aligned} 攀登到塔上。\\ 正在往塔上攀登。\end{aligned}\right.

  1. They didn't hear the door close. 他们没有听到门关上了。

  2. We could hear the girls singing in the bathroom. 我们能听到女孩们在浴室里唱歌。

  3. Amazed, he watched the truck disappear around the corner. (Dan Brown, The Da Vinci

Code) 他用惊异的目光看着卡车消失在转弯处。(《达·芬奇密码》)

  1. The crowd watched the lions being fed. 人们观看喂狮子。

  2. We felt the table move. 我们感到桌子移动了。

  3. Can you feel the train slowing down? 你觉出火车在慢下来吗?

  4. When I got home, I found my mother in front of the television set watching Walter Cronkite. (Hillary, Living History) 当我回到家时,发现妈妈坐在电视机前看新闻。(希拉里,《亲历历史》)

  5. I noticed a little boy in the front row sitting in a wheelchair. (Hillary, Living History) 我注意到前排有个小男孩坐在轮椅上。(希拉里,《亲历历史》)

练习题

请做下面的英语试题:

  1. Professor Tate ____ about him. A. heard the students to talk B. heard the talk by the students C. heard the students' talking D. heard the students talk (TOEFL)

  2. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother's voice ____ him. A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call(全国高考上海卷,07-34)

来源:英语常见问题解答大词典-7.md · 第 87588817 行 · 原文哈希 fa86ae543c