词典词条 · 问答

this/that ¹

核心问题

Work and play are both necessary to our health; this gives us rest, and that gives us energy. 对我们的健康说来,工作和娱乐都是必须的,因为后者给我们休息,前者给我们活力。(《英语陷阱》,商务印书馆,p.92)

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词典解答

上面的译文在传递信息上并没有毛病,但不大符合汉语的表达习惯。按照英语的表达习惯总是先提“this”,后提“that”,但是按照汉语的表达习惯,则是先提“前者”,后提“后者”,因此,在英译汉时最好是把两项的位置颠倒过来。只有这样,才符合中国人思维的顺序。下面的译文也是没顾及到汉语的表达习惯:

  1. Highandtallare synonyms: this may be used in speaking of what grows—a tree; that in speaking of what does not grow—a mountain.

[原译]Hightall 是同义词:后者用来指生长的东西,如树;前者用来指不生长的东西,如山。(《英汉翻译中的语法问题》,p.11)

  1. The two units used most frequently in electricity are ampere and volt: this is the unit of voltage and that of current flow.

[原译]电学上最常用的两个单位是安培和伏特:后者是电压单位,前者是电流单位。(译巧)

  1. Struggle and submission are before the colonial people; this leads to slavery, that to freedom.

[原译]殖民地人民面临着两条道路:斗争和屈服。屈服导向奴役,斗争导向自由。(《英语语法漫谈》,p.24)

来源:英语常见问题解答大词典-8.md · 第 1057110592 行 · 原文哈希 e2f9eb6f34