核心问题
except for 既作“除了”解,又作“要不是”解。如何区分这两种含义?
词典解答
except for 作“除了”解时,句子的谓语动词一般用陈述语气,而作“要不是”解时,句子的谓语动词常常用虚拟语气。请对比下列句子:
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Except for John, the whole class passed the test. (DAI) 除了约翰外, 全班都通过了考试。
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He answered all the questions except for the last one. (LDCE) 除最后一题外,他回答了所有的问题。
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Except for you, I should be dead by now. (LDCE) 若不是你,我现在早死了。
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She would leave her husband except for the children. (LDCE) 要不是因为孩子们,她就离开她丈夫了。
请对比:
Except for John, they all died. 除约翰外,他们都死了。
(参见 but for, except for/but for )