词典词条 · 问答

n times more than ¹

核心问题

下面的译文我认为有误,不知你以为然否?

(1) The frequency range of signal generator model 900B is twice broader than that of model 800A.

[原译]900B型信号发生器的频率范围比800A型宽两倍。(《翻译通讯》,1982,第5期)

(2) A is five times longer than B.

[原译]AB长五倍。

(3) This type of machine uses three times more fuel oil than that type does.

[原译]这种类型的机器的耗油量比那种类型的多三倍。(《英语分类句型》,商务印书馆,p.145)

(4) Petroleum is the largest source of liquid fuel, and, in spite of attempts to develop synthetic fuels, and the continued use of solid fuels, world consumption of petroleum products is about four times greater now than in 1940. (The Structure of Technical English, p. 157)

[原译]石油是液体原料最大的来源,尽管人们试图发展合成燃料,并继续使用固体燃料,可是全世界的石油产品消耗量,现在比1940年大约增加了四倍。(中译本,冶金工业出版社,p.356)

(5) Your house is three times larger than mine.

[原译]你的房子比我的房子大三倍(就是我的房子的四倍大小)。(葛传槩:《英语惯用法词典》,p.644)

词典解答

我国有不少英语学者著文说:“在‘倍数 + more than...’的句型中,翻译时包括基数在内,把英语句中的倍数照译不减”。①②③但是,我们阅读大量科技文献后发现,这些说法和译法是不符合英语的实际情况的,至少说,是不符合当代英语的实际情况的。事实上,在当代英语里,“A is n times larger than B”与“A is n times as large as B”在意义上是完全一样的。让我们援引一段倍数可以验算的文字,以资证明。

  1. In the example shown in the figure, the cylinder on the right is twice as large in diameter, so the areas of the two pistons stand in the ratio of 4 to 1. Therefore, since the total force of hydrostatic pressure acting on the right piston will also be 4 times larger, we must place 4 weights on it to keep it in equilibrium. 在图中所示的例子里,右面的缸径是左边的两倍,这样,这两个活塞的面积之比是4比1。由于作用在右面活塞上的总的流体静压力将会有四倍那么大,所以,我们必须在该活塞上放四个重物来使它保持平衡。

  2. Torricelli reasoned that thisair pressure’ would be unable to push a liquid heavier than water as high as 35 feet, and that a column of mercury, for example, which weighed about 14 times more than water, would rise to only a fourteenth of the height of water, i.e. approximately 2.5 feet. (A Course in Basic Scientific English, p. 13)

[原译]托里切里推论说这一“气压”不可能把比水重的液体推到35英尺的高度,并举例说比水重约14倍的水银柱,只能升高达水的高度的1/14,也就是说将近2.5英尺。(中译本)

原文中的 mercury which weighed about 14 times more than water 应译为“比重大约为水的14倍的水银”或“比水大约重13倍的水银”。

现代语言学家对于 n times larger than 的真正含义已作了精确的说明,我们没有必要再对此进行争论了,也不必再作想当然的解释了:

参加示威游行的人是上次的五倍。

(参见 as much as)

练习题

请做下面的英语试题: Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills ____ people each year than automobile accidents. A. seven more times B. seven times more C. over seven times D. seven times(全国研考,99-2)

来源:英语常见问题解答大词典-5.md · 第 93209364 行 · 原文哈希 e186c3cc2c