词典词条 · 问答

He died young

核心问题

When I came in, I found she fell unconsciously on the floor.
有人说上面的句子用 unconsciously 是错误的。我的问题是: 句中的 fell 是一般动词, 而不是连系动词, 用副词 unconsciously 来修饰动词, 不是很正常的吗?

词典解答

英语里有一个句型:主语 + 不及物动词(非连系动词)+ 形容词(或名词),例如,The bird fell dead. 其中的形容词(或名词)并不是修饰动词的,而是说明主语的情况的。有一派语法学家把这种句型称作带双谓语的句型(因为主语受两次陈述)。另一派语法学家则把它称作带主语补语的句型(即把后面的形容词或名词分析为主语补语)。

  1. They married young. (ALD) 他们结婚时很年青。

  2. He came in drunk. (CGEL) 他醉醺醺地走了进来。

  3. He died happy. (LDCE) 他幸福地死去。

  4. No man is born wise. (Prov) 谁也不是生下来就聪明的。

  5. The fire is burning low. (CGEL) 火势开始变弱。

  6. Gerhardt stood there motionless another minute or so. (Dreiser) 格哈特在那里一动也不动地又站了大约一分钟。

  7. He sat motionless. (Hill) 他坐在那里一动也不动。

  8. Her grandfather lay murdered inside his own museum. And he had written a code on the floor. (Dan Brown, The Da Vinci Code) 祖父在其掌管的博物馆里被谋杀了,还在地板上写下了一串密码。(《达·芬奇密码》)

这种主语补语也可以用名词来充当:

  1. He died a poor man. (Hill) 他死时很贫穷。

  2. He died a millionaire. (ALD) 他死时是一位百万富翁。

  3. Lincoln was born a poor farmer's boy and died President of the United States. (AEG) 林肯生下来时是一个贫苦农民的儿子,死时则是美国总统。

不难看出,在你所提问的句子里, unconsciously 应改为 unconscious

练习题

请做下面的英语试题:

  1. How about him?” “He came home ____.” A. safe B. safely C. with safety D. with safeness(Gruber's TOEFL)

  2. After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ____.
    A. hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tired
    C. hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired(全国高考北京卷,08-26)

(参见 married young, lie thick)

来源:英语常见问题解答大词典-3.md · 第 26312674 行 · 原文哈希 67cbe1ad94